Prävalenz von Antikörpern gegen Bordetella bronchiseptica in Mehrkatzenhaushalten

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Mit dieser Studie sollte das Vorkommen von Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica in Mehrkatzenhaushalten mit und ohne respiratorische Symptome untersucht werden. Material und Methoden: Die Studie umfasste insgesamt 258 Katzen aus 40 Beständen. Antikörper gegen B. bronchiseptica wurden mittels ELISA nachgewiesen. Zudem erfolgten eine PCR und eine Erregeranzüchtung. Ergebnisse: Die Antikörperprävalenz lag bei 41,9%. Bei Katzen mit respiratorischen Symptomen ergab sich eine Prävalenz von 56,5%, bei gesunden Katzen betrug sie 39,9%. Dieser Unterschied war statistisch signifikant. Die Antikörperprävalenz lag in Tierheimen signifikant höher als in Privat- und Zuchtbeständen. Ältere Katzen wiesen signifikant häufiger Antikörper gegen B. bronchiseptica auf. Die PCR war nur bei 4,6% von 219 untersuchten Katzen positiv; die Anzüchtung gelang bei keinem von 28 untersuchten Tieren. Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: B. bronchiseptica zeigt in Mehrkatzenhaushalten eine weite Verbreitung. Vor allem in Tierheimen sind Katzen offenbar einem hohen Infektionsrisiko ausgesetzt. Eine Impfung ist daher besonders in Tierheimen in Betracht zu ziehen.

Summary

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica in multi-cat households with and without respiratory tract disease. Material and methods: In total, 258 cats of 40 households were examined. B. bronchiseptica antibodies were determined by ELISA. In addition, PCR and bacterial culture were performed. Results: Overall, antibody prevalence was 41.9%. In cats with respiratory problems, antibody prevalence was 56.5%, in healthy cats 39.9%. This difference was statistically significant. Shelters displayed a significantly higher antibody prevalence than private households or breeding catteries. Cats of older age had an increased risk of being B. bronchiseptica antibody-positive. Only 4.6% of 219 examined cats showed a positive PCR-result. Bacterial culture was negative in all 28 examined cats. Conclusions and clinical relevance: B. bronchiseptica appears to be wide-spread in multi-cat households. Especially in animal shelters, risk of infection seems to be high, and vaccination should be considered in such an environment.

Schlüsselwörter

Katzenschnupfen - Einflussfaktoren - Mehrkatzenhaushalt - Bordetella bronchiseptica - Prävalenz - Antikörper

Keywords

Feline upper respiratory tract disease - Risk factors - Multicat household - Bordetella bronchiseptica - Prevalence - Antibodies

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